A novel highly osmotic K/Fe3O4/CNF magnetic draw solution for salty water desalination

Forward osmosis (FO) is increasingly being studied as an alternative desalination technique to the other conventional technologies, owing primarily its low energy potential. However, co-opted limitations in draw solution (DS) regeneration stage FO processes and lack of effective DS have hampered FO's implementation for potable water application on industrial scale. In this work, we explored Donnan principle engineer a material having duality magnetic solar-thermal separability functionalities from sustainability viewpoint whilst exploiting careful selection properties. A novel potassium functionalised iron oxide doped carbon nanofibres (K/Fe3O4/CNF) nanoparticles (MNPs) was successfully synthesised applications, utilising eco-friendly strategy that improves hydrophilicity without polymers. The obtained significant osmotic pressure (86.1 bar), it performance showed small reverse salt flux (RSF) specific (SRSF) values 0.10 gMH 0.004 g/L, respectively. These compare at least <10 % most RSF SRSF reported literature. facile synthesis adopted herein will potentially open new route preparing nanomaterials with unique multi enhanced devoid Whilst re-concentration may be achievable, additional research required appraise methodology's overall implications economic advantages over existing recovery methods.